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Barry Sturman As pointed out in the subject paper several writers have erroneously attributed the molecular band spectra that produce the characteristic colours of flames containing various metals M, (M = Ca, Sr, Ba or Cu) and Cl to the singlycharged ions MCl+. Ref: JPyro, Issue 21, 2005, pp71-72 (J21_71)

K. L. Maxwell and M. K. Hudson ABSTRACT: A labscale hybrid rocket was used to study spectral bands produced by metal combustion. Bands in the ultraviolet-visible region (300–750 nm) are of interest. The rubber-like fuel, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), was doped with a metallic salt for introduction into the plume during combustion. When introduced, the metals …
Continue reading Spectral Study of Metallic Molecular Bands in Hybrid Rocket Plumes

S. P. Sivapirakasam, M. Surianarayanan, P. Nagaraj,1 G. S. Venkataratnam ABSTRACT: Impact sensitiveness of pyrotechnic flash compositions consisting of mixtures of potassium nitrate (KNO3), sulphur (S) and aluminium (Al) is experimentally analyzed using equipment similar to BAM (fall hammer) equipment. Results indicate that an increase in the sulphur content of the mixture raises its sensitivity …
Continue reading Impact Sensitiveness Analysis of Pyrotechnic Flash Compositions

Lawrence Weinman ABSTRACT: A brief description of compressible fluid flow is presented to clarify and, hopefully, reduce the incorrect usage of the term “choked flow” in the fireworks community. Keywords: choked flow, fluid flow, gas velocity, mass flow, rocket, sonic flow Ref: JPyro, Issue 21, 2005, pp31-38 (J21_31)

Ernst-Christian Koch ABSTRACT: The combustion chemistry of phosphorus and its compounds in pyrotechnic applications is discussed. Whereas red phosphorus (RP) and phosphorus sulfides can be used as fuels, the phosphates can be used as oxidizers in metalcontaining pyrolants. Phosphorus combustion mainly occurs in the gas phase after volatilization of the parent phosphorus source, be it …
Continue reading Special Materials in Pyrotechnics: IV.[1] The Chemistry of Phosphorus and its Compounds

Andrew B. Wright, Jason E. Elsasser, M. Keith Hudson, and Ann M. Wright ABSTRACT: The oxygen injector head in UALR’s labscale hybrid rocket motor has been redesigned to include a coaxially located optical port. This port permits viewing directly into the space in front of the fuel grain where combustion is initiated. It is designed …
Continue reading Optical Studies of Combustion Chamber Flame in a Hybrid Rocket Motor

K. R. Mniszewski and K. L. Kosanke ABSTRACT: A study of the explosive output of rolls of paper toy caps, in variously sized assemblages, was conducted. The testing has shown that toy cap rolls are clearly capable of producing a powerful explosive effect if initiated with a sufficiently energetic event. TNT equivalencies based on toy …
Continue reading Air Blast TNT Equivalency for Rolls of Paper Toy Caps

Matthew L. Davies ABSTRACT: Although the first efforts in understanding pyrotechnic whistles began over fifty years ago, there is still no firmly established mechanism that accurately describes their operation. This review describes the progress made and the current state of knowledge of combustion phenomena in whistle devices. In addition, investigations into identifying alternative safer fuels …
Continue reading A Review of the Chemistry and Dynamics of Pyrotechnic Whistles

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L. T. Briscoe, K. L. Kosanke, and R. C. Dujay Abstract: A study was conducted to determine the potential for being able to identify primer gunshot residue (PGSR) within the substantial quantities of particulate residues produced during the firing of a revolver using Black Powder propellant and a percussion cap primer. Samples of gunshot residue …
Continue reading Primer Gunshot Residue Detection from the Firing of a Black Powder Revolver